Probing the Partonic Structure of Proton

It has been over a century since the discovery of the proton, and a complete understanding of the proton substructure is not yet reached. In the past few decades, tremendous effort has been put in exploring the proton’s partonic structure under the framework of Quantum Chromodynamics. A significant progress has been made in the extraction of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of proton, which is a one-dimensional description in terms of the longitudinal momentum. Nevertheless, the multidimensional information is essential in order to gain deeper insights. In this regard, the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) was developed at the end of 1990s. GPDs correlate the transverse spatial distribution of partons to their longitudinal momentum distribution and therefore provide a three-dimensional picture of the proton. In addition, interesting mechanical properties of proton can be derived from GPDs. In this presentation, several progresses of PDF and GPD measurements will be introduced, including the ones from Fermilab/SeaQuest, COMPASS and JLab Hall A, and some prospects of future measurements will be given.