Advancements in Rydberg-based Quantum Sensors with Atomic Vapors

I will provide an overview of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), highly excited Rydberg-state EIT, and quantum-state manipulation. Then, high-contrast Rydberg-state EIT measurements will be presented, considering the influence of laser polarization, laser intensity, magnetic field, optical density, and optical pumping on the thermal medium. The spectral feature proves valuable in probing energy level shifts caused by external electric fields or atomic interactions. By applying Rydberg-atom spectroscopy, we can accurately measure atomic interactions between atoms and detect DC to THz external electric fields with high sensitivity.  Our investigation advances applications such as dipole-dipole interaction in highly excited Rydberg states and traceable detection as a quantum sensor. Moreover, a highly sensitive, portable, and integrable quantum device is helpful to sense the magnetic fields of the human brain via the use of optically pumped magnetometer (OPM). The future goals of these studies are the generation of multiple quantum bits and the demonstration of a multichannel magnetoencephalography (MEG) system by using vapor cells.